Commodity packaging is the continuation of the production of commodities. All commodities that need to be packaged can be regarded as the completion of the production process only after they have been packaged. Commodities can enter the circulation and consumption fields, and the value and value of the products can be realized. This is because packaging is an important measure to protect the integrity and quantity of goods in the process of circulation. Some commodities even cannot be separated from packaging. It becomes an inseparable unity with packaging.

The properly packaged goods not only facilitate the transportation, handling, handling, storage, storage, inventory, display and carrying, but also are not easily lost or stolen, providing convenience for all parties.

In the current fierce competition in the international market, many countries regard improving packaging as one of the important means to strengthen external competition. Because good packaging can not only protect the goods, but it can also promote and beautify the goods, increase the value of the goods, attract customers, expand sales, increase the selling price, and to a certain extent show the level of technology, culture and art of the exporting countries.

In view of the importance of packaging, production companies and sales departments should work together to do a good job of packaging, so that the packaging of China's export commodities meet the requirements of scientific, economic, strong, beautiful, marketable and multi-purpose foreign exchange.

According to the different functions of packaging in the circulation process, it can be divided into two types: transport packaging (ie, outer packaging) and sales packaging (ie, inner packaging). The main role of the former is to protect the goods and prevent the occurrence of cargo damage. In addition to protecting the goods, the latter also has a promotion function.

The significance of the agreed packaging conditions

In the international sale of goods, packaging is an important part of the description of the goods, packaging conditions is a major condition in the sales contract. According to the laws and regulations of certain countries, if the goods delivered by the seller are not packaged according to the agreed conditions, or if the packaging of the goods does not conform to the custom of the industry, the buyer has the right to reject the goods. If the goods are packaged in the agreed manner but are mixed with other goods, the buyer can reject the portion of the goods that are in violation of the regulations and even reject the entire shipment. From this we can see that it is of great significance to do a good job of packing and packaging according to the agreed conditions.

Transport packaging 1. Requirements for transport packaging The transport packaging of international trade goods is more demanding than the transport packaging of domestic trade goods. It should reflect the following requirements:

(1) must adapt to the characteristics of the goods;

(2) must meet the requirements of various modes of transportation;

(3) must consider the legal requirements of the relevant countries and the requirements of the client;

(4) It is necessary to facilitate the operation of relevant personnel at all stages;

(5) Save money by ensuring that the packaging is secure.

2. Classification of transport packaging The transport packaging has a variety of methods and shapes. The packaging materials and textures are different, and the packaging level is also different. This leads to the diversity of transport packaging.

3. Symbols of transport packages The symbols on transport packages can be divided into three types according to their use:

(1) Transport symbol The transport symbol, also known as gimmick, is usually composed of a simple geometric figure and some letters, numbers and simple words. Its main contents include:

1) The name or code of the destination;

2) The code of the receiver and sender;

3) Part number, lot number.

In addition, some transportation signs also include the origin, contract number, license number, and volume and weight. The contents of the transportation signs are mixed, and the buyers and sellers agree on the characteristics of the goods and the specific requirements.

In view of the large differences in the contents of the transport signs, and some of them are too complex to accommodate the increase in freight editions, changes in transport methods, and the need for electronic computers to be used in transportation and document circulation, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe has simplified the Working Group on International Trade Procedures. With the support of the International Organization for Standardization and the International Cargo Handling Coordinating Association, a standard transport sign has been proposed for use by countries. The standard transportation sign

include:

1) The initials or abbreviation of the name of the consignee or buyer;

2) reference number, such as the waybill number, order number or invoice number;

3) destination;

4) Part number.

As for other content that needs to be written on the transport package according to a certain need, such as a license number, it is not an integral part of the transport mark.

(2) Indicative signs Indicative signs are things that people need to pay attention to in the process of loading, unloading, transportation and storage. They are generally marked on the packaging with simple, eye-catching graphics and texts, so they are called attention signs.

(3) Warning signs Warning signs are also called dangerous goods packaging marks. Where any dangerous goods such as explosives, flammable articles, toxic substances, corrosive articles, oxidants, radioactive materials, etc. are contained in the transport packaging, the signs for all kinds of dangerous goods must be marked on the transport packaging to show the warning and to facilitate loading and unloading. , transport and storage personnel take appropriate protective measures according to the characteristics of the goods to protect the safety of materials and personal.

Sales Packaging 1. Requirements for Sales Packaging Sales packaging, also known as inner packaging, is a package that directly contacts a product and enters a retail outlet along with the product. In addition to having the function of protecting goods, such packaging should also have promotional functions. Therefore, there are high requirements for the shape, structure, and text of the sales package.

In order to adapt sales packaging to the needs of the international market, the following requirements should be reflected in the design and production of sales packaging:

(1) It is convenient for display and sales;

(2) to facilitate the identification of goods;

(3) Easy to carry and use;

(4) Must have artistic attraction.

2. Classification of Sales Packaging Sales packaging can use different packaging materials and different modeling structures and styles, which leads to the diversity of sales packaging. What kind of sales package is adopted depends mainly on the characteristics and shape of the product.

On the sales package, there are generally mounting screens and text instructions, and some also have a bar code symbol. The bar code on the product package is composed of a set of parallel strips with black and white and different thicknesses and intervals. It is a special code language that uses photoelectric scanning reading equipment to input data for computers. At present, many countries in the world use barcodes on the packaging of goods. As long as the barcode is aligned with the photoelectric scanner, the computer can automatically identify the barcode information and determine the name, type, quantity, production date, manufacturer, and place of production. According to this, the unit price is queried in the database, the settlement of the payment is made, and the purchase list is made. This effectively improves the efficiency and accuracy of the settlement, and also facilitates the customer. At present, supermarkets in many countries use bar code technology for automatic scanning and settlement. For example, there are no bar codes on the packaging of goods. Even famous products cannot enter supermarkets, but can only be used as low-grade goods to enter cheap stores. In addition, some countries are Some products do not have a bar code symbol on their packaging, which means they cannot be imported. For this reason, the promotion of the use of bar code signs on China's commodity packaging is indeed an imperative. In order to adapt to the needs of the international market and expand exports, in December 1988, China established the “China Article Numbering Center” to promote the bar code technology and conduct unified management. In April 1994, China formally joined the International Association of Article Numbering Associations. The country number assigned to China is “690”, and any product marked with “690” bar code means that it is a Chinese-made product.

Neutral Packing and custom-made production for neutral packaging and branding are common practice in international trade.

1. Neutral packaging Neutral packaging refers to packaging that does not indicate the country of manufacture, place name and manufacturer, nor does it indicate the brand or brand. In other words, there is no place of origin or export manufacturer inside or outside the packaging of exported goods. mark. Neutral packaging includes two kinds of unlicensed neutral packaging and neutral packaging. The former refers to that there are no production country and manufacturer names on the packaging, and no trademark or brand; the latter refers to only the buyer specified on the packaging. The brand or brand, but without the country of manufacture and the name of the manufacturer.

Neutral packaging is used to break the tariffs and non-tariff barriers of certain importing countries and regions and to meet the special needs of the transaction (such as re-export sales). It is a means for exporting countries to strengthen external marketing and expand exports.

2. Dingpian production and ordering means that the seller identifies the trademark or brand name designated by the buyer on the goods or packages sold by the seller as required by the buyer. This practice is called definitive production.

At present, supermarkets, large department stores, and specialty stores in many countries in the world must use the trademarks or brands used in the stores on their products or on their packaging to expand the visibility of their stores and display them. The worth of. Exporters in many countries are also willing to accept the main products in order to take advantage of the buyer's operating capabilities and their commercial reputation and brand reputation in order to increase the selling prices of goods and expand sales.

Packaging Clause Provisions Packaging clauses generally include packaging materials, packaging methods, packaging specifications, packaging marks, and packaging costs.

When negotiating the terms of the package, you need to pay attention to the following:

1. Consider the characteristics of the product and the requirements of different modes of transportation.

2. The provisions of the package should be clear and specific. Generally not suitable for Seaworth Packing and Custom Packing

Terms like (Custom Packing).

3. Clearly who will supply the packaging and who will pay for the packaging. Who supplies the package, usually the following three practices:

(1) The seller supplies the package, and the package is delivered to the buyer together with the goods.

(2) The seller supplies the package, but after delivery, the seller will take back the original package. With regard to where the freight returned from the original packaging to the seller should be borne, specific provisions should be made.

(3) The buyer supplies packaging or packaging materials. When such an approach is adopted, the time for the buyer to provide packaging or packaging materials should be clearly stipulated, and the responsibilities of the buyer and seller at the time of shipment should be affected because the packaging or packaging materials are not provided in a timely manner.

About packaging costs, generally included in the price of goods, no additional income. However, some are not included in the price of the goods, and the provisions are paid separately by the buyer.